Token Economy

The token economy.

Token Economy for Online Exchange Systems ( Extended

This paper studies the design of online exchange systems that are operated based on the exchange of tokens, a simple internal currency which provides indirect reciprocity among agents for cooperation. The emphasis is on how the protocol designer should choose a protocol a supply of tokens and suggested strategies to maximize service provision, taking into account that impatient agents will comp...

Enhancing Intrinsic Motivation Through The Use of a Token Economy

This work will examine the link between intrinsic motivation and external rewards by describing the experiences of twenty-seven academically under-performing adolescents who were enrolled in an after school program in a New York City public junior high school that implemented a token economy. The goals of the implemented token economy were to establish an objective measure of student competence...

A token economy project with chronic schizophrenic patients.

The token economy is an application of operant conditioning theory which is parti cularly relevant to the treatment of patients in institutions. The basic idea is to motivate the patient to behave more appropriately and constructivelyby giving him tokens whenever he behaves in such a way. The tokens have an incentive function,as the patient can cash them in for a number of different things, suc...

Substitution effects in a generalized token economy with pigeons.

Pigeons made repeated choices between earning and exchanging reinforcer-specific tokens (green tokens exchangeable for food, red tokens exchangeable for water) and reinforcer-general tokens (white tokens exchangeable for food or water) in a closed token economy. Food and green food tokens could be earned on one panel; water and red water tokens could be earned on a second panel; white generaliz...